mean value
The mean value 
has the property that the area under the curve y = f(x) between x = a and x = b is equal to the area under the horizontal line 
between x = a and x = b, which is the area of a rectangle with width b − a and height 
.
- backward difference
- backward induction
- backward scan
- backward substitution
- Baire Category Theorem
- Baire space
- balanced
- balanced block design
- ball
- Banach algebra
- Banach measure
- Banach space
- Banach, Stefan
- Banach-Tarski paradox
- banded matrix
- bar
- bar chart
- barrel
- Barrow, Isaac
- barycentric coordinates
- base
- base
- base
- base
- base