Signature (Knot)
The signature 
of a Knot 
can be defined using the Skein Relationship
and
where
is the Alexander-Conway Polynomial and 
is an Odd Number.Many Unknotting Numbers can be determined using a knot's signature.
See also Skein Relationship, Unknotting Number
References
Gordon, C. McA.; Litherland, R. A.; and Murasugi, K. ``Signatures of Covering Links.'' Canad. J. Math. 33, 381-394, 1981. Murasugi, K. ``On the Signature of Links.'' Topology 9, 283-298, 1970. Murasugi, K. ``Signatures and Alexander Polynomials of Two-Bridge Knots.'' C. R. Math. Rep. Acad. Sci. Canada 5, 133-136, 1983. Murasugi, K. ``On the Signature of a Graph.'' C. R. Math. Rep. Acad. Sci. Canada 10, 107-111, 1988. Murasugi, K. ``On Invariants of Graphs with Applications to Knot Theory.'' Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 314, 1-49, 1989. Rolfsen, D. Knots and Links. Wilmington, DE: Publish or Perish Press, 1976. Stoimenow, A. ``Signatures.'' http://www.informatik.hu-berlin.de/~stoimeno/ptab/sig10.html.
- Painlevé Transcendents
- Pair
- Paired t-Test
- Pair Sum
- Paley Class
- Paley Construction
- Paley's Theorem
- Palindrome Number
- Palindromic Number
- Palindromic Number Conjecture
- Pancake Cutting
- Pancake Theorem
- Pandiagonal Square
- Pandigital
- Panmagic Square
- Pantograph
- Papal Cross
- Pappus Chain
- Pappus-Guldinus Theorem
- Pappus's Centroid Theorem
- Pappus's Harmonic Theorem
- Pappus's Hexagon Theorem
- Pappus's Theorem
- Parabiaugmented Dodecahedron
- Parabiaugmented Hexagonal Prism