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Möbius TransformationA transformation of the form
where , , , and
is a Conformal Transformation and is called a Möbius transformation. It is linear in both and .
Every Möbius transformation except has one or two Fixed Points. The Möbiustransformation sends Circles and lines to Circles or lines. Möbius transformationspreserve symmetry. The Cross-Ratio is invariant under a Möbius transformation. A Möbius transformation is acomposition of translations, rotations, magnifications, and inversions.
To determine a particular Möbius transformation, specify the map of three points which preserve orientation. Aparticular Möbius transformation is then uniquely determined. To determine a general Möbius transformation, pick twosymmetric points and . Define , restricting as required. Compute . then equals since the Möbius transformation preserves symmetry (the SymmetryPrinciple). Plug in and into the general Möbius transformation and set equal to and . Without loss of generality, let and solve for and in terms of . Plug back into thegeneral expression to obtain a Möbius transformation. See also Symmetry Principle
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