Agoh-Giuga conjecture
In 1950, Giuseppe Giuga conjectured that if and only if an integer is prime then it will satisfy the congruence
This is sometimes called the Giuga conjecture. Takashi Agoh rephrased the conjecture as , where is a Bernoulli number
; this is called the Agoh-Giuga conjecture. In 2003 Simon Plouffe performed an exhaustive search for a counterexample below 50000 but came up empty.