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单词 SymmetricDifference
释义

symmetric difference


The symmetric differenceMathworldPlanetmathPlanetmath between two sets A and B, written AB, is the set of all x such that either xA or xB but not both. In other words,

AB:=(AB)(AB).

The Venn diagramMathworldPlanetmath for the symmetric difference of two sets A,B, represented by the two discs, is illustrated below, in light red:

AB..

Properties

Suppose that A, B, and C are sets.

  • AB=(AB)(BA).

  • AB=AcBc, where the superscript c denotes taking complementsPlanetmathPlanetmath.

  • Note that for any set A, the symmetric difference satisfies AA= and A=A.

  • The symmetric difference operator is commutativePlanetmathPlanetmathPlanetmath since AB=(AB)(BA)=(BA)(AB)=BA.

  • The symmetric difference operationMathworldPlanetmath is associative: (AB)C=A(BC). This means that we may drop the parentheses without any ambiguity, and we can talk about the symmetric difference of multipleMathworldPlanetmathPlanetmath sets.

  • Let A1,,An be sets. The symmetric difference of these sets is written

    ni=1Ai.

    In general, an element will be in the symmetric difference of several sets iff it is in an odd numberMathworldPlanetmathPlanetmath of the sets.

It is worth noting that these properties show that the symmetric difference operation can be used as a group law to define an abelian group on the power setMathworldPlanetmath of some set.

Finally, we note that intersectionMathworldPlanetmath distributes over the symmetric difference operator:

A(BC)=(AB)(AC),

giving us that the power set of a given fixed set can be made into a Boolean ringMathworldPlanetmath using symmetric difference as additionPlanetmathPlanetmath, and intersection as multiplication.

Titlesymmetric difference
Canonical nameSymmetricDifference
Date of creation2013-03-22 11:59:41
Last modified on2013-03-22 11:59:41
OwnerCWoo (3771)
Last modified byCWoo (3771)
Numerical id20
AuthorCWoo (3771)
Entry typeDefinition
Classificationmsc 03E20
Synonymset symmetric difference
Synonymsymmetric set difference
Synonymsymmetric difference between sets
Related topicSetDifference
Related topicProofOfTheAssociativityOfTheSymmetricDifferenceOperator
Definessymmetric difference operator
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更新时间:2025/5/4 6:04:39