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单词 PrimeResidueClass
释义

prime residue class


Let m be a positive integer. There are m residue classesMathworldPlanetmathPlanetmath a+m modulo m.  Such of them which have

gcd(a,m)= 1,

are called the prime residue classes or prime classes modulo m, and they form an Abelian groupMathworldPlanetmath with respect to the multiplicationPlanetmathPlanetmath

(a+m)(b+m):=ab+m.

This group is called the residue class group modulo m. Its order is φ(m), where φ means Euler’s totient function. For example, the prime classes modulo 8 (i.e. 1+8, 3+8, 5+8, 7+8) form a group isomorphicPlanetmathPlanetmathPlanetmath to the Klein 4-group.

The prime classes are the units of the residue class ring   /m=m   consisting of all residue classes modulo m.

Analogically, in the ring R of integers (http://planetmath.org/ExamplesOfRingOfIntegersOfANumberField) of any algebraic number field, there are the residue classes and the prime residue classes modulo an ideal 𝔞 of R. The number of all residue classes isN(𝔞) and the number of the prime classes is also denoted by φ(𝔞).  It may be proved that

φ(𝔞)=N(𝔞)𝔭|𝔞(1-1N(𝔭));

N is the absolute norm of ideal and 𝔭 runs all distinct prime idealsMathworldPlanetmathPlanetmath dividing 𝔞 (cf. the first formulaMathworldPlanetmathPlanetmath in the entry “Euler phi function (http://planetmath.org/EulerPhiFunction)”).  Moreover, one has the result

αφ(𝔞) 1(mod𝔞)

for  ((a),𝔞)=(1),  generalising the Euler–Fermat theoremMathworldPlanetmath (http://planetmath.org/EulerFermatTheorem).

Titleprime residue class
Canonical namePrimeResidueClass
Date of creation2013-03-22 15:43:12
Last modified on2013-03-22 15:43:12
Ownerpahio (2872)
Last modified bypahio (2872)
Numerical id18
Authorpahio (2872)
Entry typeDefinition
Classificationmsc 20K01
Classificationmsc 13M99
Classificationmsc 11A07
Synonymprime class
Related topicMultiplicativeOrderOfAnIntegerModuloM
Related topicNonZeroDivisorsOfFiniteRing
Related topicGroupOfUnits
Related topicPrimitiveRoot
Related topicResidueSystems
Related topicKlein4Group
Related topicEulerPhifunction
Related topicSummatoryFunctionOfArithmeticFunction
Definesresidue class group
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更新时间:2025/5/5 3:33:06