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单词 ProofOfCauchysTheorem
释义

proof of Cauchy’s theorem


Let G be a finite groupMathworldPlanetmath, and suppose p is a prime divisorPlanetmathPlanetmath of |G|.Consider the set X of all p-tuples (x1,,xp)for which x1xp=1.Note that |X|=|G|p-1 is a multipleMathworldPlanetmathPlanetmath of p.There is a natural group actionMathworldPlanetmath ofthe cyclic groupMathworldPlanetmath /p on Xunder which m/p sendsthe tuple (x1,,xp)to (xm+1,,xp,x1,,xm).By the Orbit-Stabilizer Theorem, each orbit contains exactly 1 or p tuples.Since (1,,1) has an orbit of cardinality 1,and the orbits partitionMathworldPlanetmathPlanetmath X,the cardinality of which is divisible by p,there must exist at least one other tuple (x1,,xp)which is left fixed by every element of /p.For this tuple we have x1==xp,and so x1p=x1xp=1,and x1 is therefore an element of order p.

References

  • 1 James H. McKay.Another Proof of Cauchy’s Group Theorem,American Math. Monthly, 66 (1959), p119.
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