topic entry on the algebraic foundations of mathematics

This is a contributed topic on the algebraic foundations of mathematics. This topic of algebraic foundations in mathematics will cover a wide range of concepts and areas of mathematics, ranging from universal algebras, algebraic topology to algebraic geometry, number theory and logic algebras.

a. Universal (or general) algebra : is defined as the (meta) mathematical study of general theories of algebraic structures rather than the study of specific cases, or models of algebraic structures.

b. Various, specifically selected algebraic structures, such as :

1.
Boolean algebra
2.
Logic lattice algebras or many-valued (MV) logic algebras
3.
Quantum logic algebras
4.
Quantum operator algebras ( such as : involution, *-algebras, or $*$ -algebras, von Neumann algebras,JB- and JL- algebras, Poisson and $C^{*}$ - or C*- algebras,
5.
Algebra over a set
6.
Sigma-algebra and T-algebras of monads
7.
K-algebras
8.
Group algebras
9.
Graphs generated by free groups
10.
Groupoid algebras and Groupoid $C^{*}$ -convolution algebras
11.
Hypergraphs generated by free groupoids
12.
Double algebras
13.
Index of algebras
14.
Categorical algebra
15.
F-algebra/coalgebra in category theory
16.
Category of categories as a foundation for mathematics: Functor Categories (http://planetmath.org/FunctorCategories) and 2-category (http://planetmath.org/2Category)
17.
Index of category theory (http://planetmath.org/IndexOfCategoryTheory)
18.
super-categories and topological ‘supercategories’
19.
Higher dimensional algebras (HDA) –such as: algebroids, double algebroids, categorical algebroids, double groupoid convolution algebroids, groupoid $C^{*}$ -convolution algebroids, etc., and Supercategorical algebras (SA) as concrete interpretations of the theory of elementary abstract supercategories (ETAS)
20.
Index of supercategories
21.
Index of categories (http://planetmath.org/IndexOfCategories)
22.
Index of HDA

Remark The last items of HDA and SA are more precisely understood in the context of, or as generalizations/ extensions of, universal algebras.

References

1 Alfsen, E.M. and F. W. Schultz: Geometry of State Spaces of Operator Algebras, Birkhäuser, Boston–Basel–Berlin (2003).
2 Atyiah, M.F. 1956. On the Krull-Schmidt theorem with applications to sheaves.Bull. Soc. Math. France, 84: 307–317.
3 Auslander, M. 1965. Coherent Functors. Proc. Conf. Cat. Algebra, La Jolla,189–231.
4 Awodey, S. & Butz, C., 2000, Topological Completeness for Higher Order Logic., Journal of Symbolic Logic, 65, 3, 1168–1182.
5 Awodey, S. & Reck, E. R., 2002, Completeness and Categoricity I.Nineteen-Century Axiomatics to Twentieth-Century Metalogic., History and Philosophy of Logic, 23, 1, 1–30.
6 Awodey, S. & Reck, E. R., 2002, “Completeness and Categoricity II. Twentieth-Century Metalogic to Twenty-first-Century Semantics”, History and Philosophy of Logic, 23, 2, 77–94.
7 “Structure in Mathematics and Logic: A Categorical Perspective”, Philosophia Mathematica, 3, 209–237.
8 Awodey, S., 2004, “An Answer to Hellman’s Question: Does Category Theory Provide a Framework for Mathematical Structuralism”, Philosophia Mathematica, 12, 54–64.
9 Awodey, S., 2006, Category Theory, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
10 Baez, J. & Dolan, J., 1998a, “Higher-Dimensional Algebra III. n-Categories and the Algebra of Opetopes”, Advances in Mathematics, 135, 145–206.
11 Baez, J. & Dolan, J., 2001, “From Finite Sets to Feynman Diagrams”, Mathematics Unlimited – 2001 and Beyond, Berlin: Springer, 29–50.
12 Baez, J., 1997, “An Introduction to n-Categories”, Category Theory and Computer Science, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1290, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1–33.
13 Baianu, I.C.: 1970, Organismic Supercategories: II. On Multistable Systems. Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, 32: 539-561.
14 Baianu, I.C.: 1971b, Categories, Functors and Quantum AlgebraicComputations, in P. Suppes (ed.), Proceed. Fourth Intl. Congress Logic-Mathematics-Philosophy of Science, September 1–4, 1971, Bucharest.
15 Baianu, I.C. and D. Scripcariu: 1973, On Adjoint Dynamical Systems. Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, 35(4), 475–486.
16 Baianu, I.C.: 1973, Some Algebraic Properties of (M,R) – Systems. Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics 35, 213-217.
17 Baianu, I.C. and M. Marinescu: 1974, On A Functorial Construction of (M,R)– Systems. Revue Roumaine de Mathematiques Pures et Appliquees 19: 388-391.
18 Baianu, I.C.: 1977, A Logical Model of Genetic Activities in Łukasiewicz Algebras: The Non-linear Theory. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology,39: 249-258.
19 Baianu, I.C.: 1980a, Natural Transformations of Organismic Structures.,Bulletin of Mathematical Biology,42: 431-446.
20 Baianu, I. C., Glazebrook, J. F. and G. Georgescu: 2004, Categories of Quantum Automata and N-Valued Łukasiewicz Algebras in Relation to Dynamic Bionetworks, (M,R)–Systems and Their Higher Dimensional Algebra, Abstract and Preprint of Report: $\\\\http://www.ag.uiuc.edu/fs401/QAuto.pdf$ and $http://www.medicalupapers.com/quantum+automata+math+categories+baianu/$
21 Baianu I. C., Brown R., Georgescu G. and J. F. Glazebrook: 2006, Complex Nonlinear Biodynamics in Categories, Higher Dimensional Algebra and Łukasiewicz-Moisil Topos: Transformations of Neuronal, Genetic and Neoplastic Networks., Axiomathes, 16 Nos. 1-2: 65-122.
22 Baianu, I.C., R. Brown and J.F. Glazebrook. : 2007a, Categorical Ontology of Complex Spacetime Structures: The Emergence of Life and Human Consciousness, Axiomathes, 17: 35-168.
23 Baianu, I.C., R. Brown and J. F. Glazebrook: 2007b, A Non-Abelian, Categorical Ontology of Spacetimes and Quantum Gravity, Axiomathes, 17: 169-225.
24 Barr, M. and Wells, C., 1985, Toposes, Triples and Theories, New York: Springer-Verlag.
25 Barr, M. and Wells, C., 1999, Category Theory for Computing Science, Montreal: CRM.
26 Bell, J. L., 1981, “Category Theory and the Foundations of Mathematics”, British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 32, 349–358.
27 Bell, J. L., 1982, “Categories, Toposes and Sets”, Synthese, 51, 3, 293–337.
28 Bell, J. L., 1986, “From Absolute to Local Mathematics”, Synthese, 69, 3, 409–426.
29 Bell, J. L., 1988, Toposes and Local Set Theories: An Introduction, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
30 Birkoff, G. & Mac Lane, S., 1999, Algebra, 3rd ed., Providence: AMS.
31 Blass, A. and Scedrov, A., 1983, Classifying Topoi and Finite Forcing , Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra, 28, 111–140.
32 Blass, A. and Scedrov, A., 1992, ”Complete Topoi Representing Models of Set Theory”, Annals of Pure and Applied Logic , 57, no. 1, 1–26.
33 Borceux, F.: 1994, Handbook of Categorical Algebra, vols: 1–3,in Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications 50 to 52, Cambridge University Press.
34 Bourbaki, N. 1961 and 1964: Algèbre commutative.,in Èléments de Mathématique., Chs. 1–6., Hermann: Paris.
35 BJk4)Brown, R. and G. Janelidze: 2004, Galois theory and a new homotopydouble groupoid of a map of spaces, Applied CategoricalStructures 12: 63-80.
36 Brown, R., Higgins, P. J. and R. Sivera,: 2007a, Non-AbelianAlgebraic Topology, in preparation.
http://www.bangor.ac.uk/ mas010/nonab-a-t.html ;
http://www.bangor.ac.uk/ mas010/nonab-t/partI010604.pdf
37 Brown, R., Glazebrook, J. F. and I.C. Baianu.: 2007b, A Conceptual, Categorical and Higher Dimensional Algebra Framework of Universal Ontology and the Theory of Levels for Highly Complex Structures and Dynamics., Axiomathes (17): 321–379.
38 Brown R. and T. Porter: 2003, Category theory and higherdimensional algebra: potential descriptive tools in neuroscience, In:Proceedings of the International Conference on TheoreticalNeurobiology, Delhi, February 2003, edited by Nandini Singh,National Brain Research Centre, Conference Proceedings 1, 80-92.
39 Brown, R., Hardie, K., Kamps, H. and T. Porter: 2002, The homotopydouble groupoid of a Hausdorff space., Theory andApplications of Categories 10, 71-93.
40 Brown, R., and Hardy, J.P.L.:1976, Topological groupoids I:universal constructions, Math. Nachr., 71: 273-286.
41 Brown, R. and Spencer, C.B.: 1976, Double groupoids and crossedmodules, Cah. Top. Géom. Diff. 17, 343-362.
42 Brown R, Razak Salleh A (1999) Free crossed resolutions of groups and presentations of modules ofidentities among relations. LMS J. Comput. Math., 2: 25–61.
43 Buchsbaum, D. A.: 1955, Exact categories and duality., Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 80: 1-34.
44 Buchsbaum, D. A.: 1969, A note on homology in categories., Ann. of Math. 69: 66-74.
45 Bucur, I., and Deleanu A. (1968). Introduction to the Theory of Categories and Functors. J.Wiley and Sons: London
46 Bunge, M. and S. Lack: 2003, Van Kampen theorems for toposes, Adv. in Math. 179, 291-317.
47 Bunge, M., 1984, ”Toposes in Logic and Logic in Toposes”, Topoi, 3, no. 1, 13-22.
48 Bunge M, Lack S (2003) Van Kampen theorems for toposes. Adv Math, 179: 291-317.
49 Cartan, H. and Eilenberg, S. 1956. Homological Algebra, Princeton Univ. Press: Pinceton.
50 Cohen, P.M. 1965. Universal Algebra, Harper and Row: New York, London and Tokyo.
51 Connes A 1994. Noncommutative geometry. Academic Press: New York.
52 Croisot, R. and Lesieur, L. 1963. Algèbre noethérienne non-commutative.,Gauthier-Villard: Paris.

…more to come

单词	TopicEntryOnTheAlgebraicFoundationsOfMathematics
释义	topic entry on the algebraic foundations of mathematics This is a contributed topic on the algebraic foundations of mathematics. This topic of algebraic foundations in mathematics will cover a wide range of concepts and areas of mathematics, ranging from universal algebras, algebraic topology to algebraic geometry, number theory and logic algebras. a. Universal (or general) algebra : is defined as the (meta) mathematical study of general theories of algebraic structures rather than the study of specific cases, or models of algebraic structures. b. Various, specifically selected algebraic structures, such as : 1. Boolean algebra 2. Logic lattice algebras or many-valued (MV) logic algebras 3. Quantum logic algebras 4. Quantum operator algebras ( such as : involution, -algebras, or $$ -algebras, von Neumann algebras,JB- and JL- algebras, Poisson and $C^{}$ - or C- algebras, 5. Algebra over a set 6. Sigma-algebra and T-algebras of monads 7. K-algebras 8. Group algebras 9. Graphs generated by free groups 10. Groupoid algebras and Groupoid $C^{}$ -convolution algebras 11. Hypergraphs generated by free groupoids 12. Double algebras 13. Index of algebras 14. Categorical algebra 15. F-algebra/coalgebra in category theory 16. Category of categories as a foundation for mathematics: Functor Categories (http://planetmath.org/FunctorCategories) and 2-category (http://planetmath.org/2Category) 17. Index of category theory (http://planetmath.org/IndexOfCategoryTheory) 18. super-categories and topological ‘supercategories’ 19. Higher dimensional algebras (HDA) –such as: algebroids, double algebroids, categorical algebroids, double groupoid convolution algebroids, groupoid $C^{}$ -convolution algebroids, etc., and Supercategorical algebras (SA) as concrete interpretations of the theory of elementary abstract supercategories (ETAS) 20. Index of supercategories 21. Index of categories (http://planetmath.org/IndexOfCategories) 22. Index of HDA Remark The last items of HDA and SA are more precisely understood in the context of, or as generalizations/ extensions of, universal algebras. References 1 Alfsen, E.M. and F. W. Schultz: Geometry of State Spaces of Operator Algebras, Birkhäuser, Boston–Basel–Berlin (2003). 2 Atyiah, M.F. 1956. On the Krull-Schmidt theorem with applications to sheaves.Bull. Soc. Math. France, 84: 307–317. 3 Auslander, M. 1965. Coherent Functors. Proc. Conf. Cat. Algebra, La Jolla,189–231. 4 Awodey, S. & Butz, C., 2000, Topological Completeness for Higher Order Logic., Journal of Symbolic Logic, 65, 3, 1168–1182. 5 Awodey, S. & Reck, E. R., 2002, Completeness and Categoricity I.Nineteen-Century Axiomatics to Twentieth-Century Metalogic., History and Philosophy of Logic, 23, 1, 1–30. 6 Awodey, S. & Reck, E. R., 2002, “Completeness and Categoricity II. Twentieth-Century Metalogic to Twenty-first-Century Semantics”, History and Philosophy of Logic, 23, 2, 77–94. 7 “Structure in Mathematics and Logic: A Categorical Perspective”, Philosophia Mathematica, 3, 209–237. 8 Awodey, S., 2004, “An Answer to Hellman’s Question: Does Category Theory Provide a Framework for Mathematical Structuralism”, Philosophia Mathematica, 12, 54–64. 9 Awodey, S., 2006, Category Theory, Oxford: Clarendon Press. 10 Baez, J. & Dolan, J., 1998a, “Higher-Dimensional Algebra III. n-Categories and the Algebra of Opetopes”, Advances in Mathematics, 135, 145–206. 11 Baez, J. & Dolan, J., 2001, “From Finite Sets to Feynman Diagrams”, Mathematics Unlimited – 2001 and Beyond, Berlin: Springer, 29–50. 12 Baez, J., 1997, “An Introduction to n-Categories”, Category Theory and Computer Science, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1290, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1–33. 13 Baianu, I.C.: 1970, Organismic Supercategories: II. On Multistable Systems. Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, 32: 539-561. 14 Baianu, I.C.: 1971b, Categories, Functors and Quantum AlgebraicComputations, in P. Suppes (ed.), Proceed. Fourth Intl. Congress Logic-Mathematics-Philosophy of Science, September 1–4, 1971, Bucharest. 15 Baianu, I.C. and D. Scripcariu: 1973, On Adjoint Dynamical Systems. Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, 35(4), 475–486. 16 Baianu, I.C.: 1973, Some Algebraic Properties of (M,R) – Systems. Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics 35, 213-217. 17 Baianu, I.C. and M. Marinescu: 1974, On A Functorial Construction of (M,R)– Systems. Revue Roumaine de Mathematiques Pures et Appliquees 19: 388-391. 18 Baianu, I.C.: 1977, A Logical Model of Genetic Activities in Łukasiewicz Algebras: The Non-linear Theory. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology,39: 249-258. 19 Baianu, I.C.: 1980a, Natural Transformations of Organismic Structures.,Bulletin of Mathematical Biology,42: 431-446. 20 Baianu, I. C., Glazebrook, J. F. and G. Georgescu: 2004, Categories of Quantum Automata and N-Valued Łukasiewicz Algebras in Relation to Dynamic Bionetworks, (M,R)–Systems and Their Higher Dimensional Algebra, Abstract and Preprint of Report: $\\\\http://www.ag.uiuc.edu/fs401/QAuto.pdf$ and $http://www.medicalupapers.com/quantum+automata+math+categories+baianu/$ 21 Baianu I. C., Brown R., Georgescu G. and J. F. Glazebrook: 2006, Complex Nonlinear Biodynamics in Categories, Higher Dimensional Algebra and Łukasiewicz-Moisil Topos: Transformations of Neuronal, Genetic and Neoplastic Networks., Axiomathes, 16 Nos. 1-2: 65-122. 22 Baianu, I.C., R. Brown and J.F. Glazebrook. : 2007a, Categorical Ontology of Complex Spacetime Structures: The Emergence of Life and Human Consciousness, Axiomathes, 17: 35-168. 23 Baianu, I.C., R. Brown and J. F. Glazebrook: 2007b, A Non-Abelian, Categorical Ontology of Spacetimes and Quantum Gravity, Axiomathes, 17: 169-225. 24 Barr, M. and Wells, C., 1985, Toposes, Triples and Theories, New York: Springer-Verlag. 25 Barr, M. and Wells, C., 1999, Category Theory for Computing Science, Montreal: CRM. 26 Bell, J. L., 1981, “Category Theory and the Foundations of Mathematics”, British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 32, 349–358. 27 Bell, J. L., 1982, “Categories, Toposes and Sets”, Synthese, 51, 3, 293–337. 28 Bell, J. L., 1986, “From Absolute to Local Mathematics”, Synthese, 69, 3, 409–426. 29 Bell, J. L., 1988, Toposes and Local Set Theories: An Introduction, Oxford: Oxford University Press. 30 Birkoff, G. & Mac Lane, S., 1999, Algebra, 3rd ed., Providence: AMS. 31 Blass, A. and Scedrov, A., 1983, Classifying Topoi and Finite Forcing , Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra, 28, 111–140. 32 Blass, A. and Scedrov, A., 1992, ”Complete Topoi Representing Models of Set Theory”, Annals of Pure and Applied Logic , 57, no. 1, 1–26. 33 Borceux, F.: 1994, Handbook of Categorical Algebra, vols: 1–3,in Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications 50 to 52, Cambridge University Press. 34 Bourbaki, N. 1961 and 1964: Algèbre commutative.,in Èléments de Mathématique., Chs. 1–6., Hermann: Paris. 35 BJk4)Brown, R. and G. Janelidze: 2004, Galois theory and a new homotopydouble groupoid of a map of spaces, Applied CategoricalStructures 12: 63-80. 36 Brown, R., Higgins, P. J. and R. Sivera,: 2007a, Non-AbelianAlgebraic Topology, in preparation. http://www.bangor.ac.uk/ mas010/nonab-a-t.html ; http://www.bangor.ac.uk/ mas010/nonab-t/partI010604.pdf 37 Brown, R., Glazebrook, J. F. and I.C. Baianu.: 2007b, A Conceptual, Categorical and Higher Dimensional Algebra Framework of Universal Ontology and the Theory of Levels for Highly Complex Structures and Dynamics., Axiomathes (17): 321–379. 38 Brown R. and T. Porter: 2003, Category theory and higherdimensional algebra: potential descriptive tools in neuroscience, In:Proceedings of the International Conference on TheoreticalNeurobiology, Delhi, February 2003, edited by Nandini Singh,National Brain Research Centre, Conference Proceedings 1, 80-92. 39 Brown, R., Hardie, K., Kamps, H. and T. Porter: 2002, The homotopydouble groupoid of a Hausdorff space., Theory andApplications of Categories 10, 71-93. 40 Brown, R., and Hardy, J.P.L.:1976, Topological groupoids I:universal constructions, Math. Nachr., 71: 273-286. 41 Brown, R. and Spencer, C.B.: 1976, Double groupoids and crossedmodules, Cah. Top. Géom. Diff. 17, 343-362. 42 Brown R, Razak Salleh A (1999) Free crossed resolutions of groups and presentations of modules ofidentities among relations. LMS J. Comput. Math., 2: 25–61. 43 Buchsbaum, D. A.: 1955, Exact categories and duality., Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 80: 1-34. 44 Buchsbaum, D. A.: 1969, A note on homology in categories., Ann. of Math. 69: 66-74. 45 Bucur, I., and Deleanu A. (1968). Introduction to the Theory of Categories and Functors. J.Wiley and Sons: London 46 Bunge, M. and S. Lack: 2003, Van Kampen theorems for toposes, Adv. in Math. 179, 291-317. 47 Bunge, M., 1984, ”Toposes in Logic and Logic in Toposes”, Topoi, 3, no. 1, 13-22. 48 Bunge M, Lack S (2003) Van Kampen theorems for toposes. Adv Math, 179: 291-317. 49 Cartan, H. and Eilenberg, S. 1956. Homological Algebra, Princeton Univ. Press: Pinceton. 50 Cohen, P.M. 1965. Universal Algebra, Harper and Row: New York, London and Tokyo. 51 Connes A 1994. Noncommutative geometry. Academic Press: New York. 52 Croisot, R. and Lesieur, L. 1963. Algèbre noethérienne non-commutative.,Gauthier-Villard: Paris. …more to come
随便看	Radius radius RadiusOfConvergence radius of convergence RadiusOfConvergenceOfAComplexFunction radius of convergence of a complex function RadonMeasure Radon measure RadonNikodymTheorem Radon-Nikodym theorem RadonsLemma Radon’s lemma RadosTheorem Rado’s theorem Ralgebroid R-algebroid RamanujanPrime Ramanujan prime RamanujansFormulaForPi RamanujanSum Ramanujan sum RamanujanTauFunction Ramanujan tau function Ramanujan’s formula for pi RamificationIndex