| 释义 |
eigenvalue (eigenvector) Let A be a real square matrix. A real number λ is an eigenvalue of A if and only if there is a non-zero real vector x, called an eigenvector, such that Ax = λx. This is equivalent to λ satisfying the characteristic equation det(A − λI) = 0. More generally, these definitions apply to square matrices and linear maps over other fields; in these cases the eigenvectors may be referred to as eigenfunctions, if the vector space is a function space, or as eigenstates, particularly in quantum theory.
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