Pauli Matrices
Matrices which arise in Pauli's 
treatment of spin 
in quantum mechanics. They are defined by
 |  |  | (1) |
 | |  | (2) |
 | |  | (3) |
The Pauli matrices plus the
Identity Matrix I form a complete set, so any matrix A can beexpressed as | (4) |
The associated matrices
 |  |  | (5) |
 | |  | (6) |
 | |  | (7) |
can also be defined. The Pauli spin matrices satisfy the identities
 | (8) |
 | (9) |
 | (10) |
References
Arfken, G. Mathematical Methods for Physicists, 3rd ed. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, p. 211-212, 1985. Goldstein, H. ``The Cayley-Klein Parameters and Related Quantities.'' Classical Mechanics, 2nd ed. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, p. 156, 1980.
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