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单词 ProofOffracftfstsleqfracfufsusleqfracfuftutForConvexF
释义

proof of f(t)-f(s)t-sf(u)-f(s)u-sf(u)-f(t)u-t for convex f


We will prove

f(t)-f(s)t-sf(u)-f(s)u-s.(1)

The proof of the right-most inequalityMathworldPlanetmath is similar.

Suppose (1) does not hold. Then for some s,t,u,

f(t)-f(s)t-s>f(u)-f(s)u-s.(2)

This inequality is just the statement of the slope of the linesegment AB¯,A=(t,f(t)),B=(s,f(s)), being larger thanthe slope of the segment CB¯,C=(u,f(u)). Since t isbetween s and u, and f is continuousMathworldPlanetmathPlanetmath, this implies

f(t)>h(x)=f(u)-f(s)u-s(x-s)+f(s),(3)

s<x<u. This contradicts convexity of f on (a,b). Hence,(2) is false and (1) follows.

Note that we have tacitly use the fact that x=λu+(1-λ)s and h(x)=λf(u)+(1-λ)f(s) for some λ.

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