proof that commuting matrices are simultaneously triangularizable
Proof by induction on , order of matrix.
For we can simply take .We assume that there exists a common unitary matrix that triangularizes simultaneously commuting matrices
,.
So we have to show that the statement is valid for commuting matrices, .From hypothesis and are commuting matrices so these matrices have a common eigenvector
.
Let, where be the common eigenvector of unit length and , are the eigenvalues of and respectively. Consider the matrix, where be orthogonal complement
of and , then we have that
It is obvious that the above matrices and also, , matrices are commuting matrices. Let and thenthere exists unitary matrix such that Now is a unitary matrix, and we have
Analogously we have that