proof that commuting matrices are simultaneously triangularizable
Proof by induction on , order of matrix.
For we can simply take .We assume that there exists a common unitary matrix![]()
that triangularizes simultaneously commuting matrices
![]()
,.
So we have to show that the statement is valid for commuting matrices, .From hypothesis![]()
and are commuting matrices so these matrices have a common eigenvector
![]()
.
Let, where be the common eigenvector of unit length and , are the eigenvalues![]()
of and respectively. Consider the matrix, where be orthogonal complement
![]()
of and , then we have that
It is obvious that the above matrices and also, , matrices are commuting matrices. Let and thenthere exists unitary matrix such that Now is a unitary matrix, and we have
Analogously we have that