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单词 ExamplesOfSemiprimitiveRings
释义

examples of semiprimitive rings


Examples of semiprimitive rings:

The integers Z:
Since is commutativePlanetmathPlanetmathPlanetmath, any left idealMathworldPlanetmathPlanetmath is two-sided. So the maximal left ideals of are the maximal idealsMathworldPlanetmath of , which are the ideals p for p prime.So J()=pp=(0),as there are infinitely many primes.

A matrix ring Mn(D) over a division ring D:
The ring Mn(D) is simple, so the only proper idealMathworldPlanetmath is (0). Thus J(Mn(D))=(0).

A polynomial ring R[x] over an integral domainMathworldPlanetmath R:
Take aJ(R[x]) with a0.Then axJ(R[x]), since J(R[x]) is an ideal, and deg(ax)1.By one of the alternate characterizations of the Jacobson radicalMathworldPlanetmath,1-ax is a unit.But deg(1-ax)=max{deg(1),deg(ax)}1.So 1-ax is not a unit, and by this contradictionMathworldPlanetmathPlanetmath we see that J(R[x])=(0).

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更新时间:2025/5/3 19:13:12