Permanent
An analog of a Determinant where all the signs in the expansion by Minors are taken as Positive. Thepermanent of a Matrix A is the coefficient of 
in
(Vardi 1991). Another equation is the Ryser Formula
where the Sum is over all Subsets of
, and 
is the number ofelements in 
(Vardi 1991).If 
is a Unitary Matrix, then
(Minc 1978, p. 25; Vardi 1991).See also Determinant, Frobenius-König Theorem, Immanant, Ryser Formula,Schur Matrix
References
Borovskikh, Y. V. and Korolyuk, V. S. Random Permanents. Philadelphia, PA: Coronet Books, 1994. Minc, H. Permanents. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1978. Vardi, I. ``Permanents.'' §6.1 in Computational Recreations in Mathematica. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, pp. 108 and 110-112, 1991.
- Segmented Number
- Segner's Recurrence Formula
- Segre's Theorem
- Seiberg-Witten Equations
- Seiberg-Witten Invariants
- Seidel-Entringer-Arnold Triangle
- Seifert Circle
- Seifert Conjecture
- Seifert Form
- Seifert Matrix
- Seifert's Spherical Spiral
- Seifert Surface
- Self-Adjoint Matrix
- Self-Adjoint Operator
- Self-Avoiding Walk
- Self-Conjugate Subgroup
- Self-Descriptive Number
- Self-Homologous Point
- Self Number
- Self-Reciprocating Property
- Self-Recursion
- Selfridge-Hurwitz Residue
- Selfridge's Conjecture
- Self-Similarity
- Self-Transversality Theorem