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单词 FunctionContinuousAtOnlyOnePoint
释义

function continuous at only one point


Let us show that the function f:,

f(x)={x,when x is rational,-x,when x is irrational,

is continuous at x=0, but discontinuousMathworldPlanetmath for all x{0}[1].

We shall use the following characterization of continuity for f:f is continuous at a if and only if limkf(xk)=f(a)for all sequences (xk) such that limkxk=a.

It is not difficult to see that f is continuous at x=0. Indeed, if xk is asequence converging to 0. Then

limk|f(xk)|=limk|f(xk)|
=limk|xk|
=0.

Suppose a0. Then there exists a sequence of irrational numbers x1,x2,converging to a. For instance, if a is irrational, we can take xk=a+1/k, andif a is rational, we can take xk=a+2/k. For this sequence we have

limkf(xk)=-limkxk
=-a.

On the other hand, we can also construct a sequence of rational numbersPlanetmathPlanetmath y1,y2,converging to a. For example, if a is irrational, this follows as the rational numbersare dense in , and if a is rational, we can set yk=xk+1/k.For this sequence we have

limkf(yk)=limkyk
=a.

In conclusionMathworldPlanetmath f is not continuous at a.

References

  • 1 Homepage of Thomas Vogel,http://www.math.tamu.edu/ tom.vogel/gallery/node3.htmlA function which is continuous at only one point.
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